Which file system is utilized by recent macOS versions?

The Apple File System (APFS) is the correct choice as it is designed specifically for use with macOS and other Apple devices. Introduced in 2017 with macOS High Sierra, APFS offers advanced features such as improved performance, space efficiency, and strong data integrity.

One of the notable features of APFS is its ability to manage storage in a more flexible way, including support for snapshots and cloning of files and directories. This means that APFS can create a point-in-time snapshot of the file system, which is useful for backups and system restorations. Additionally, APFS is optimized for SSDs (solid-state drives), providing faster data access and better encryption options compared to older file systems.

In contrast, HFS+ was the primary file system before APFS, but it does not support some of the advanced features that APFS provides. FAT32 is a widely compatible file system mainly used in removable media, but it lacks the advanced capabilities that APFS offers. NTFS is a file system developed by Microsoft for Windows, and while macOS can read NTFS drives, it is not natively used for macOS installations. Therefore, APFS is the superior choice for modern macOS systems, making it the correct answer